Welcome! Let Us Guide You Through the World of Beowulf
Wulfgar	Wulfgar Leads the Way I am Wulfgar, a Danish guard but also a guide. I met the Geats on their arrival at our country and led them to our king. I will help you wend your way about this site as well. How can you reach pages? At the top and bottom of every page or frame, you will find a bar of graphic images that looks like this: Each picture (on the real thing, top and bottom of each page) is a link to a separate page. Need a more detailed description of what's on each page? See the index. Lost? Anywhere in the site, just click on me to reach this page. Tired of ads? Click on Merlin to make them vanish. Next \| Index \| Mega-Index \| About Frames \| About Advertising

Welcome! Let Us Guide You Through the World of Beowulf

Wulfgar

Wulfgar Leads the Way

I am Wulfgar, a Danish guard but also a guide. I met the Geats on their arrival at our country and led them to our king.

I will help you wend your way about this site as well. How can you reach pages? At the top and bottom of every page or frame, you will find a bar of graphic images that looks like this:

Sample

Each picture (on the real thing, top and bottom of each page) is a link to a separate page.

Need a more detailed description of what's on each page? See the index.

Lost? Anywhere in the site, just click on me to reach this page.

Tired of ads? Click on Merlin sample to make them vanish.

Next | Index | Mega-Index | About Frames | About Advertising

Index: The World of Beowulf The site contains four main articles, four references to help you understand the articles, and four miscellaneous important pages.
Index of the Articles on: Historical and Cultural Background Language Old English Poetry Introduction to the Poem	Index of References inclulding: Glossary of Proper Names Glossary of Terms Major Dates Maps and Images	Index of Miscellaneous Important Pages including: Opening Page Internet Activities for Students About this Site

Index: The World of Beowulf

The site contains four main articles, four references to help you understand the articles, and four miscellaneous important pages.

Index of the Articles on:
Historical and Cultural Background
Language
Old English Poetry
Introduction to the Poem

Index of References inclulding:
Glossary of Proper Names
Glossary of Terms
Major Dates
Maps and Images

Index of Miscellaneous Important Pages including:
Opening Page
Internet
Activities for Students
About this Site

I would prefer to view a mega-index of the whole site at once.

Index of Articles Frames Option: Any of these articles may be viewed with any of the references.
A Quick Tour of England's Early Past: The Poem Beowulf's Historical and Cultural Background Page spans prehistory to 1000 CE. Page has these sections: Overview Land Bridge Stone Age Celts Arrive Romans Conquer Pax Romana Germanic Invasions Old English Kings and Thanes Diverse Religious Influences Beowulf Composed	Language Page briefly explains major aspects of history of English. Page has these sections: Overview: History of English Celtic Background Germanic Foundation Vikings' Influence French Influence and Middle English Latin Influence Modern English Focus on Old English, the language of Beowulf Old English Inflections and Word Order Old English Grammar: Comparisons to Other Languages More on Old English	Old English Poetry Brief introduction to Old English poetry. Page has these sections: Overview Alliteration Rhythm and Meter Kennings and Allusions The Scop's Verbal-Musical Craft and Purposes Other Old English Poems	Introduction to the Poem Beowulf Additional information to help you get started reading Beowulf Page describes stages of the work's formation. Page has the following sections: Overview Oral Tradition: Legend and Myth Composition of the Poem Special Highlight: Beowulf Premiers First Manuscript Modern Study and Translation Special Highlight: A Translator's Quandary

Index of Articles

Frames Option: Any of these articles may be viewed with any of the references.

A Quick Tour of England's Early Past: The Poem Beowulf's Historical and Cultural Background

Page spans prehistory to 1000 CE. Page has these sections:

Overview
Land Bridge
Stone Age
Celts Arrive
Romans Conquer
Pax Romana
Germanic Invasions
Old English
Kings and Thanes
Diverse Religious Influences
Beowulf Composed

Index of References Frames Option: Any of these references can be viewed beside any article.
Glossary of Important Names: Individuals, Ethnic Groups, Places Page has the following sections: Proper Names of People and Places in Beowulf A-E \| F-J \| K-O \| P-T \| U-Z Relevant Historical Figures A-E \| F-J \| K-O \| P-T \| U-Z	Confusing Terms Page is a glossary of terms in alphabetical order: A-E \| F-J \| K-O \| P-T \| U-Z	Major Dates in England's Early Past Chronology spans prehistory to 1000 CE. The following "mile markers" may be helpful: BCE--first human arrivals 55-54 BCE--Julius Caesar's written record 430-530 CE--first Germanic groups arrive 700-750 CE--Beowulf composed? 950-1000 CE--Beowulf composed?	Maps and Other Images Gallery of thumbnail images. Click on one to see larger version, then click on larger version to return to gallery. Images arranged in these categories: Re: Copyright Concerns Prehistoric Period Early History--Before Germanic Invasions Germanic Invasions Old English Period Framaes Option: This page will appear as a list, not as a gallery as thumbnails, when viewed in a narrow window beside an article.

Index of References

Frames Option: Any of these references can be viewed beside any article.

Glossary of Important Names: Individuals, Ethnic Groups, Places

Page has the following sections:

Proper Names of People and Places in Beowulf
A-E | F-J | K-O | P-T | U-Z

Relevant Historical Figures
A-E | F-J | K-O | P-T | U-Z

Confusing Terms

Page is a glossary of terms in alphabetical order:

A-E | F-J | K-O | P-T | U-Z

Major Dates in England's Early Past

Chronology spans prehistory to 1000 CE. The following "mile markers" may be helpful:

BCE--first human arrivals
55-54 BCE--Julius Caesar's written record
430-530 CE--first Germanic groups arrive
700-750 CE--Beowulf composed?
950-1000 CE--Beowulf composed?

Maps and Other Images

Gallery of thumbnail images. Click on one to see larger version, then click on larger version to return to gallery. Images arranged in these categories:

Re: Copyright Concerns
Prehistoric Period
Early History--Before Germanic Invasions
Germanic Invasions
Old English Period

Framaes Option: This page will appear as a list, not as a gallery as thumbnails, when viewed in a narrow window beside an article.

Index of Miscellaneous Important Pages
Opening Page Arch with invitation to "Enter the World of Beowulf	Selected Internet Sites Most are produced by the state universities or by the British Museum. Includes sites where you can view the Cotton Manuscript, hear passages read in Old English, access translations of Beowulf, and gain more background information.	Activities for Students Although separated into broad categories as follows, the activities address a wide, unsorted range of educational aims and student ability. Page contains: Projects Topics for Presentations, Discussion or Papers Further Reading or Viewing	About this Site This page includes information about the author and the sources and resources used to produce this site, as well as an identical copy of this guide to the site: Works Consulted About the Author of the Site Send the Author Your Comments. Technical Resources Used

Index of Miscellaneous Important Pages

Opening Page

Arch with invitation to "Enter the World of Beowulf

Selected Internet Sites

Most are produced by the state universities or by the British Museum. Includes sites where you can view the Cotton Manuscript, hear passages read in Old English, access translations of Beowulf, and gain more background information.

Activities for Students

Although separated into broad categories as follows, the activities address a wide, unsorted range of educational aims and student ability. Page contains:
Projects
Topics for Presentations, Discussion or Papers
Further Reading or Viewing

About this Site

This page includes information about the author and the sources and resources used to produce this site, as well as an identical copy of this guide to the site:
Works Consulted
About the Author of the Site
Send the Author Your Comments.
Technical Resources Used

Wulfgar's Mega-Index of "The World of Beowulf"
Opening Page Arch with invitation to "Enter the World of Beowufl A Quick Tour of England's Early Past: The Poem Beowulf's Historical and Cultural Background Page scans prehistory to 1000 CE. Page may be viewed beside dateline, glossary of names or of terms, or images list with links. Page has these sections: Overview Land Bridge Stone Age Celts Arrive Romans Conquer Pax Romana Germanic Invasions Old English Kings and Thanes Diverse Religious Influences Beowulf Composed	Language Page briefly explains major aspects of history of English. Page may be viewed beside dateline, glossary of names or of terms, or images list with links. Page has these sections: Overview: History of English Celtic Background Germanic Foundation Vikings' Influence French Influence and Middle English Latin Influence Modern English Focus on Old English, the language of Beowulf Old English Inflections and Word Order Old English Grammar: Comparisons to Other Languages More on Old English Old English Poetry Brief introduction to Old English poetry. Page may be viewed beside dateline, glossary of names or of terms, or images list with links. Page has these sections: Overview Alliteration Rhythm and Meter Kennings and Allusions The Scop's Verbal-Musical Craft and Purposes Other Old English Poems	Introduction to the Poem Beowulf Additional information to help you get started reading Beowulf Page describes stages of the work's formation. Page may be viewed beside dateline, glossary of terms or of names, or images list with links. Page has the following sections: Overview Oral Tradition: Legend and Myth Composition of the Poem Special Highlight: Beowulf Premiers First Manuscript Modern Study and Translation Special Highlight: A Translator's Quandary Glossary of Important Names: Individuals, Ethnic Groups, Places Page has the following sections: Proper Names of People and Places in Beowulf A-E \| F-J \| K-O \| P-T \| U-Z Relevant Historical Figures A-E \| F-J \| K-O \| P-T \| U-Z Confusing Terms Page is a glossary of terms in alphabetical order: A-E \| F-J \| K-O \| P-T \| U-Z Major Dates in England's Early Past Chronology spans prehistory to 1000 CE. The following "mile markers" may be helpful: BCE--first human arrivals 55-54 BCE--Julius Caesar's written record 430-530 CE--first Germanic groups arrive 700-750 CE--Beowulf composed? 950-1000 CE--Beowulf composed?	Maps and Other Images Gallery of thumbnail images. Click on one to see larger version, then click on larger version to return to gallery. Images arranged in these categories: Re: Copyright Concerns Prehistoric Period Early History--Before Germanic Invasions Germanic Invasions Old English Period Selected Internet Sites Most are produced by the state universities or by the British Museum Activities for Students Although separated into broad categories as follows, the activities address a wide, unsorted range of educational aims and student ability. Page contains: Projects Topics for Presentations, Discussion or Papers Further Reading or Viewing About this Site This page includes information about the author and the sources and resources used to produce this site, as well as an identical copy of this guide to the site: Works Consulted About the Author of the Site Send the Author Your Comments. Technical Resources Used

Wulfgar's Mega-Index of "The World of Beowulf"

Opening Page

Arch with invitation to "Enter the World of Beowufl

A Quick Tour of England's Early Past: The Poem Beowulf's Historical and Cultural Background

Page scans prehistory to 1000 CE. Page may be viewed beside dateline, glossary of names or of terms, or images list with links. Page has these sections:

Overview
Land Bridge
Stone Age
Celts Arrive
Romans Conquer
Pax Romana
Germanic Invasions
Old English
Kings and Thanes
Diverse Religious Influences
Beowulf Composed

Language

Page briefly explains major aspects of history of English.
Page may be viewed beside dateline, glossary of names or of terms, or images list with links.
Page has these sections:

Overview: History of English
Celtic Background
Germanic Foundation
Vikings' Influence
French Influence and Middle English
Latin Influence
Modern English

Focus on Old English, the language of Beowulf
Old English Inflections and Word Order
Old English Grammar: Comparisons to Other Languages
More on Old English

Old English Poetry

Brief introduction to Old English poetry. Page may be viewed beside dateline, glossary of names or of terms, or images list with links.
Page has these sections:

Overview
Alliteration
Rhythm and Meter
Kennings and Allusions
The Scop's Verbal-Musical Craft and Purposes
Other Old English Poems

Introduction to the Poem Beowulf

Additional information to help you get started reading Beowulf Page describes stages of the work's formation. Page may be viewed beside dateline, glossary of terms or of names, or images list with links.
Page has the following sections:

Overview
Oral Tradition: Legend and Myth
Composition of the Poem
Special Highlight: Beowulf Premiers
First Manuscript
Modern Study and Translation
Special Highlight: A Translator's Quandary

Glossary of Important Names: Individuals, Ethnic Groups, Places

Page has the following sections:

Proper Names of People and Places in Beowulf
A-E | F-J | K-O | P-T | U-Z

Relevant Historical Figures
A-E | F-J | K-O | P-T | U-Z

Confusing Terms

Page is a glossary of terms in alphabetical order:

A-E | F-J | K-O | P-T | U-Z

Major Dates in England's Early Past

Maps and Other Images

Selected Internet Sites

Most are produced by the state universities or by the British Museum

Activities for Students

About this Site

Wealtheow Offers Frames Option

I am Wealtheow. Just as I make guests comfortable in the royal hall, I want to make you comfortable in this site. That is why I produced the Frames Option.
What is the Frames Option? If your browser supports multiple frames, the Frames Option is an opportunity to view any of the articles in a larger frame beside a narrower frame containing any one references which might help you understand the article. What about the images? When you view "Maps and Images" in a side frame, it will appear as a list rather than gallery of thumbnails, but you can click on the list to get a large image, and you can widen the frame to see it better.
How does the Frames Option work? From any page containing an article, you can click on a link to a page showing the same article with the reference of your choice. I'll be there to remind you.

What if I change my mind about what I want to view? You can close the frames by clicking on the image of me. I'll be in the larger frame for the article. You can use the navigator bar in the narrower frame to change references also.
Can I view any other pages, beside the articles, in the Frames Option? Yes, though I won't be there to remind you because I think you will need the references most with the articles. If you want to view another page this way, do these steps:

Open a page with an article.
Choose the Frames Option
Use the navigator within the left frame to choose the other page you desire.
You may also use the navigator bar in the right frame to choose another reference.

About Advertising
Merlin	Greetings. I am Merlin. I am not part of the Beowulf story, but you know how we wizards get around. Let me explain the advertising. In order to get this site out into the internet without charge, the author/site manager, Aileen, accepted an agreement with the web host "Fortunecity.com." According to this agreement, Fortunecity places its sponsors ads on Aileen's Beowulf page. Aileen does not know what the ads will be like or how good the products and services advertised are. You, the viewer, can remove any unwelcome ads. If it is in a little box titled something like "A Word from our Sponsors," then click on the "X" and the box will go away.	If the advertising is incorporated into the page, then signify your response by clicking on the words "No, thank you" by a small image of me, and I will cause the ad to disappear. The page will then look more as it was intended to look. My image will truly be tiny: Try it now if you like. I am near the top of this page, just below the ad. Of course, if you wish to purchase whatever is advertised, I trust the sponsors will let you know how to do so.

About Advertising

Merlin

Greetings. I am Merlin. I am not part of the Beowulf story, but you know how we wizards get around.

Let me explain the advertising. In order to get this site out into the internet without charge, the author/site manager, Aileen, accepted an agreement with the web host "Fortunecity.com." According to this agreement, Fortunecity places its sponsors ads on Aileen's Beowulf page.

Aileen does not know what the ads will be like or how good the products and services advertised are. You, the viewer, can remove any unwelcome ads. If it is in a little box titled something like "A Word from our Sponsors," then click on the "X" and the box will go away.

If the advertising is incorporated into the page, then signify your response by clicking on the words "No, thank you" by a small image of me, and I will cause the ad to disappear. The page will then look more as it was intended to look. My image will truly be tiny:

Try it now if you like. I am near the top of this page, just below the ad.

Of course, if you wish to purchase whatever is advertised, I trust the sponsors will let you know how to do so.